God’s Covenant with Abram/Abraham

The covenant God made with Abram who God renamed Abraham was confirmed to Isaac and then extended/confirmed to Jacob who God renamed Israel.

Abram later God renamed Abraham — God made His covenant with Abraham

Genesis 15:18; 17:1–8

¹⁸ On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram and said,

“To your descendants I give this land, from the Wadi of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates:

¹⁹ the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, 

²⁰ Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, 

²¹ Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites and Jebusites.”

God confirmed the covenant to Abraham’s son Isaac 

Genesis 26:2–5

² The Lord appeared to Isaac and said,
“Do not go down to Egypt; live in the land where I tell you to live. 
³ Stay in this land for a while, 
and I will be with you and will bless you. 
For to you and your descendants I will give all these lands 
and will confirm the oath I swore to your father Abraham. 
⁴ I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky 
and will give them all these lands, 
and through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed, 
⁵ because Abraham obeyed me and did everything I required of him,
keeping my commands,
my decrees and my instructions.”

Jacob (Israel) God confirmed the covenant to Isaac’s son Jacob who God renamed Israel

promising him the land and numerous descendants

Genesis 28:13–15

¹³ There above it stood the Lord, and he said:
“I am the Lord, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac. 
I will give you and your descendants the land on which you are lying. 

¹⁴ Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth,
and you will spread out to the west and to the east, to the north and to the south. 
All peoples on earth will be blessed through you and your offspring. 

¹⁵ I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go, 
and I will bring you back to this land. 
I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.”

So the simple sequence would be:

Noah → Abram later named Abraham → Isaac → Jacob later named Israel → Israel at Sinai → David → New Covenant Promised

Important:Genesis 28 is not a separate fifth covenant.

It is God confirming to Jacob the covenant promises previously given to Abraham and Isaac.

Footnote: Our Common Identity and the Nations

Abram became Abraham, whom God called “a father of many nations”

Genesis 17:5

Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac was the father of Jacob, and God later changed Jacob’s name to Israel

Genesis 35:10

From Jacob came the twelve tribes of Israel.

Scripture also distinguishes between Jews and Gentiles—the Gentiles being the nations outside Israel.

Yet all humanity has a common origin. Paul declared:

Acts 17:26

“And He has made from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the face of the earth, and has determined their preappointed times and the boundaries of their dwellings.”

Therefore, regardless of nationality or ancestry, all mankind ultimately comes from the one human family God created.

And in Christ, the distinction between Jew and Gentile does not determine our standing before God

Galatians 3:28–29

“There is neither Jew nor Greek... for you are all one in Christ Jesus. And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise.”

For a complete study on Peter to the Jews, Paul to the Gentiles — What Does Scripture Say?