Exodus 2: The Birth and Flight of Moses

Exodus 2: The Birth and Flight of Moses

Chapter With Audio

The Birth of Moses

2 Now a man from the house of Levi went and took as his wife a Levite woman. 2 The woman conceived and bore a son, and when she saw that he was a fine child, she hid him three months. 3 When she could hide him no longer, she took for him a basket made of bulrushes and daubed it with bitumen and pitch. She put the child in it and placed it among the reeds by the river bank. 4 And his sister stood at a distance to know what would be done to him. 5 Now the daughter of Pharaoh came down to bathe at the river, while her young women walked beside the river. She saw the basket among the reeds and sent her servant woman, and she took it. 6 When she opened it, she saw the child, and behold, the baby was crying. She took pity on him and said, “This is one of the Hebrews' children.” 7 Then his sister said to Pharaoh's daughter, “Shall I go and call you a nurse from the Hebrew women to nurse the child for you?” 8 And Pharaoh's daughter said to her, “Go.” So the girl went and called the child's mother. 9 And Pharaoh's daughter said to her, “Take this child away and nurse him for me, and I will give you your wages.” So the woman took the child and nursed him. 10 When the child grew older, she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses, “Because,” she said, “I drew him out of the water.”

Moses Flees to Midian

11 One day, when Moses had grown up, he went out to his people and looked on their burdens, and he saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his people. 12 He looked this way and that, and seeing no one, he struck down the Egyptian and hid him in the sand. 13 When he went out the next day, behold, two Hebrews were struggling together. And he said to the man in the wrong, “Why do you strike your companion?” 14 He answered, “Who made you a prince and a judge over us? Do you mean to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?” Then Moses was afraid, and thought, “Surely the thing is known.” 15 When Pharaoh heard of it, he sought to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and stayed in the land of Midian. And he sat down by a well.

16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters, and they came and drew water and filled the troughs to water their father's flock. 17 The shepherds came and drove them away, but Moses stood up and saved them, and watered their flock. 18 When they came home to their father Reuel, he said, “How is it that you have come home so soon today?” 19 They said, “An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds and even drew water for us and watered the flock.” 20 He said to his daughters, “Then where is he? Why have you left the man? Call him, that he may eat bread.” 21 And Moses was content to dwell with the man, and he gave Moses his daughter Zipporah. 22 She gave birth to a son, and he called his name Gershom, for he said, “I have been a sojourner in a foreign land.”

God Hears Israel's Groaning

23 During those many days the king of Egypt died, and the people of Israel groaned because of their slavery and cried out for help. Their cry for rescue from slavery came up to God. 24 And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. 25 God saw the people of Israel—and God knew.

Chapter Analysis

Exodus 2: The Birth, Preparation, and Calling of Moses Begins

Overview

Exodus 2 records the birth and early life of Moses, the man God chose to deliver Israel from Egyptian slavery. Although Pharaoh had ordered every Hebrew baby boy to be killed, God providentially protected Moses from infancy.

Raised in Pharaoh's household yet born a Hebrew, Moses was uniquely prepared for his future role. After killing an Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew slave, Moses fled to Midian, where he spent forty years as a shepherd. During that time, God continued preparing him for leadership.

The chapter concludes by shifting the focus back to Israel's suffering in Egypt. Their cries rose to God, who remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and prepared to intervene.


I. Verses 1–10: The Birth and Preservation of Moses

A Levite man and woman had a son and saw that he was a beautiful child. To protect him from Pharaoh's decree, his mother hid him for three months.

When she could no longer hide him, she placed him in a basket coated with tar and pitch and set it among the reeds along the Nile River. Moses' sister watched from a distance to see what would happen.

Pharaoh's daughter discovered the child, recognized that he was a Hebrew baby, and had compassion on him.

Moses' sister offered to find a Hebrew woman to nurse the child, bringing Moses' own mother to care for him until he was old enough to live in Pharaoh's household.

Pharaoh's daughter adopted him and named him Moses because she drew him out of the water.

God's providence is evident throughout these events. The very household that sought to destroy the Hebrew boys became the place where Israel's future deliverer was raised.


II. Verses 11–15: Moses Fled from Egypt

As an adult, Moses identified with his Hebrew people rather than with Egypt's ruling class.

Seeing an Egyptian beating a Hebrew slave, Moses killed the Egyptian and buried him in the sand.

The next day, Moses tried to settle a dispute between two Hebrews, but one rejected his authority, asking whether he intended to kill him as he had killed the Egyptian.

When Pharaoh learned what Moses had done, he sought to kill him.

Moses fled to the land of Midian, where he became an exile and began the next stage of God's preparation.

Although Moses acted with concern for his people, he attempted to accomplish God's work through his own strength rather than God's timing.


III. Verses 16–22: Moses Settled in Midian

Arriving in Midian, Moses defended the seven daughters of Reuel from shepherds who were driving them away from a well.

Reuel welcomed Moses into his home and later gave him his daughter Zipporah as his wife.

Zipporah gave birth to a son, whom Moses named Gershom, saying that he had become a stranger in a foreign land.

During these years, Moses lived quietly as a shepherd.

Although it appeared that his opportunity to help Israel had ended, God was preparing him through humility, patience, and dependence upon Him.


IV. Verses 23–25: God Heard Israel's Cry

While Moses lived in Midian, the king of Egypt died.

The Israelites continued suffering under slavery and cried out to God for help.

God heard their groaning.

God remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

God saw the condition of His people.

God knew their suffering.

These verses emphasize God's faithfulness rather than suggesting He had forgotten. "Remembered" means God was about to act according to His covenant promises.

The deliverance of Israel was about to begin.


Major Lessons in Exodus 2

God Sovereignly Protects His Servants

God preserved Moses from death as an infant because He had chosen him for a special purpose.

God's Preparation Often Takes Many Years

Moses spent forty years in Pharaoh's palace and another forty years in Midian before leading Israel. God prepares His servants before using them.

Human Strength Cannot Accomplish God's Work

Moses' attempt to deliver Israel through violence failed. God's work must be accomplished in God's way and in God's timing.

God Uses Ordinary Circumstances

Marriage, family life, shepherding, and daily responsibilities were all part of God's preparation for Moses' future ministry.

God Is Faithful to His Covenant

Israel's suffering did not mean God had abandoned them. At the proper time, He acted according to the promises He had made centuries earlier.


Overall Summary

Exodus 2 records the miraculous preservation of Moses, his upbringing in Pharaoh's household, his failed attempt to defend his people, his flight to Midian, and the beginning of God's preparation for his future ministry. While Moses learned humility as a shepherd, Israel continued to suffer in Egypt. The chapter concludes with God hearing the cries of His people and preparing to fulfill His covenant promises by raising up Moses as their deliverer.